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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(5): 389-393, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019426

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the modified Yamane technique with sutureless transconjunctival intrascleral intraocular lens fixation. Methods: Sutureless transconjunctival intrascleral haptic fixated intraocular lens implantation was performed in patients with aphakia and dislocated intraocular lenses. A clear corneal incision (2.8 mm) was made into the temporal quadrant and a three-piece intraocular lens was implanted into the anterior chamber. The haptics of the intraocular lens were externalized with a 27 G needle via transconjunctival scleral tunnels at the 6 and 12 o'clock positions. The transconjunctival scleral tunnels were prepared to conform to the haptic position and curvature. The site of the scleral tunnels was 2mm from the limbus with a length of 2 mm in the sclera and was aimed at the end of the posterior chamber. The tips of the haptics were cauterized to create a terminal knob. The haptics were pushed back and the knobs were implanted into the scleral tunnels. Results: The study cohort included 21 patients with unilateral aphakia and dislocated intraocular lenses. All patients were examined postoperatively and at postoperative day 1, day 7, month 1, and month 3. All examinations revealed formation of the anterior chamber and well-centralized intraocular lenses. No haptic-related complications of exposure, foreign body sensation, or discomfort were observed. Conclusion: Sutureless transconjunctival intrascleral haptic fixated intraocular lensimplantation is an effective, safe, and practical surgical alternative. This technique was superior to the Yamane method with regard to comfort and surgical duration. Further studies with longer follow-up evaluations are warranted to verify long-term complications.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia e a segurança da técnica de Yamane modificada com a fixação de lenta intraocular transconjuntival sem sutura. Métodos: O implante de lente intraocular intraescleral e transconjuntival sem sutura foi realizado em pacientes com afacia e lentes intraoculares luxadas. Uma incisão em córnea clara (2,8 mm) foi feita no quadrante temporal e uma lente intraocular de três peças foi implantada na câmara anterior. Os hápticos da lente intraocular foram externalizados com uma agulha 27G através de túneis esclerais transconjuntivais nas posições de 6 e 12 horas. Os túneis esclerais transconjuntivais foram preparados para se ajustarem à posição e curvatura hápticas. O local dos túneis esclerais foi de 2 mm do limbo com um comprimento de 2 mm na esclera e foi destinado ao final da câmara posterior. As pontas dos hápticos foram cauterizadas para criar uma saliência terminal. Os hápticos foram empurrados para tras e as saliências foram implantadas nos túneis esclerais. Resultados: A coorte do estudo incluiu 21 pacientes com afacia unilateral e lentes intraocular deslocada. Todos os pacientes foram examinados no pós-operatório e no dia 1, 7, 1 mês e 3 meses do pós-operatório. Todos os exames revelaram formação da uma câmara anterior e lentes intraoculares bem centralizadas. Nenhuma complicação hápticas relacionada à exposição, sensação de corpo estranho ou desconforto foram observadas. Conclusão: O implante de lente intraocular transconjuntival intraescleral sem sutura é uma alternativa cirúrgica eficaz, segura e prática. Esta técnica foi superior ao método de Yamane no que diz respeito ao conforto e duração cirúrgica. Mais estudos com avaliações de seguimento mais prolongados são necessários para verificar as complicações de longo prazo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aphakia, Postcataract/surgery , Sclera/surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Aphakia, Postcataract/physiopathology , Sclera/physiopathology , Visual Acuity , Suture Techniques , Sutureless Surgical Procedures , Lenses, Intraocular , Anterior Chamber/surgery
2.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 76(2): 81-87, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899047

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Determinar a frequência da microftalmia associada à catarata congênita e sua frequência etiológica. Comparar o resultado visual após a cirurgia da catarata congênita em olhos microftálmicos, com o resultado visual obtido em olhos não microftálmicos. Método: Estudo retrospectivo de 76 pacientes portadores de microftalmia e catarata congênita, selecionados após análise de 1050 prontuários dos pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de catarata congênita da UNIFESP. A microftalmia foi determinada pela ecobiometria ultrassonica. Exames oculares e complementares foram feitos para esclarecer a causa etiológica. O resultado visual pós- operatório do Grupo I (com microftalmia) foi confrontado com o resultado visual obtido no Grupo II (sem microftalmia). Resultados: O diâmetro ântero-posterior dos olhos microftálmicos variou de 13 à 21 mm. A frequência etiológica da catarata congênita associada aos olhos microftálmicos foi assim distribuída: doenças infecciosas (55,3%); seguidos de idiopáticas (26,3%), colobomas (7,9%), hereditárias (6,6%), persistência do vítreo primário hiperplásico (2,6%) e associada à síndrome de Lenz (1,3%) .A frequência da microftalmia foi de 7,23 %. 68,3% de olhos afácicos microftálmicos atingiram visão melhor e ou igual à 20/200. Conclusão: A frequência da microftalmia associada à catarata congênita foi de 7,23%. A maior frequência etiológica ocorreu nas doenças infecciosas (55,3%), Embora os olhos microftálmicos tenham tendência para piores resultados visuais quando comparados aos não microftálmicos, nesta pesquisa os olhos microftálmicos afácicos que atingiram visão melhor ou igual a 20/200 foram de 68,3%.


Abstract Objective: To determine the frequency of microphthalmia associated with congenital cataract and its etiological frequency. Compare the result of visual acuity in aphakic microphthalmus eyes, with the visual acuity result obtained in non microphthalmus eyes. Methods: Retrospective study of 76 patients with microphthalmia and congenital cataract, selected after analysis of 1050 medical records of patients seen in congenital cataract clinic of UNIFESP. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination and microphthalmia determined by ultrasound biometry. Investigations were made to clarify the etiological cause. The postoperative visual outcome of Group I (with microphthalmia) was faced with the visual results obtained in Group II (control group without microphthalmia). Results: The anteroposterior diameter of microphthalmus eyes ranged from 13 to 21 mm. The etiological frequency of microphthalmia and congenital cataract was distributed as follows: infectious diseases (55.3%), idiopathic (26.3%), colobomas (7.9%), hereditary (6.6%), persistent hyperplastic vitreous (2.6%) and linked to the Lenz's syndrome (1.3%). The visual acuity in aphakic eyes that reached better view and or equal to 20/200 was 68.3%. Conclusion: The frequency of microphthalmia associated with congenital cataract was 7.23%. The etiological occurred more frequently in infectious disease (55.3%). The aphakics eyes with microphthalmia tend to have worse visual acuity results than the eyes without microphthalmia. If we consider the visual results same and above 20/200 as successful in this search, aphakic eyes with microphthalmia that hit these indices are 68.3%.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Cataract/congenital , Cataract Extraction/methods , Visual Acuity , Microphthalmos/etiology , Microphthalmos/epidemiology , Aphakia, Postcataract , Microphthalmos/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Biometry , Treatment Outcome , Axial Length, Eye , Lens, Crystalline/growth & development
3.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 29(2): 241-250, abr.-jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-791540

ABSTRACT

La estereopsia es el grado máximo que nos brinda la binocularidad y se desarrolla en los niños entre los 3 y 6 meses. Objetivo: determinar la presencia de estereopsia en niños pseudofáquicos, así como los factores asociados a la presencia de estereopsia en estos pacientes. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo donde se incluyeron 25 niños mayores de 8 años previamente operados de catarata pediátrica en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer, que acudieron a la consulta entre junio y noviembre del año 2015. Se determinaron las variables estereopsia, lateralidad, origen de la catarata, edad de diagnóstico, edad de la cirugía y agudeza visual mejor corregida. Resultados: la estereopsia fina (60" o menos) se detectó en el 28 por ciento de los pacientes, y en el 68 por ciento algún grado de esta. Fue más frecuente en los pacientes con pseudofaquia bilateral y con cataratas traumáticas o del desarrollo, pero sin mostrar diferencias significativas. Todos los pacientes con estereopsia presentaron una agudeza visual mejor corregida mayor de 0,5 en su ojo de peor visión, y estadísticamente este resultado fue significativo. Conclusiones: la cirugía de catarata pediátrica permite desarrollar estereopsia. La agudeza visual posoperatoria es un factor determinante de esta(AU)


Stereopsis is the highest degree of binocularity and occurs in children aged 3 to 6 months of life. Objective: to determine stereopsis in pseudophakic children as well as the factors involved in stereopsis in these patients. Method: a retrospective, longitudinal and descriptive study of 25 children older than 8 years, who had been previously operated on of pediatric cataract in the Ramon Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Opthalmology. They went to the hospital from June to November, 2015. The variables were stereopsis, laterality, origin of cataract, age at diagnosis, age at the time of surgery and best corrected visual acuity. Results: fine stereopsis (60" or less) was detected in 28 percent of the patients, and some degree of it in 68 percent of them. It was more frequent in patients with bilateral pseudophakia and with traumatic or developmental cataract, but differences were not significant. All the stereoscopic patients had best corrected visual acuity over 0.5 in its worst vision eye, being this result statistically significant. Conclusions: the pediatric cataract surgery allows developing stereopsis and the postoperative visual acuity is a determining factor(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Child , Aphakia, Postcataract/therapy , Depth Perception , Perceptual Disorders/diagnosis , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Longitudinal Studies , Retrospective Studies
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 75(3): 218-222, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787700

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: For nearly a century, penetrating keratoplasty has been the surgical technique of choice in the management of corneal changes. However, in recent years, several lamellar keratoplasty techniques have been developed, modified or improved, especially techniques for replacing the posterior portion, for the correction of bullous keratopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of endothelial keratoplasty versus penetrating keratoplasty for pseudophakic and aphakic bullous keratopathy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out, and the main electronic databases were searched. The date of the most recent search was from the inception of the electronic databases to December 11, 2015. Two authors independently selected relevant clinical trials, assessed their methodological quality and extracted data. Results: The electronic search yielded a total of 893 published papers from the electronic databases. Forty-four full-text articles were retrieved for further consideration. Of these 44 full-text articles, 33 were excluded because they were all case series studies; therefore, ten studies (with one further publication) met the inclusion criteria: one randomized clinical trial with two publications; three controlled studies; and six cohort studies. The clinical and methodological diversity found in the included studies meant that it was not possible to combine studies in a metaanalysis. Conclusions: There is no robust evidence that endothelial keratoplasty is more effective and safe than penetrating keratoplasty for improving visual acuity and decreasing corneal rejection for pseudophakic and aphakic bullous keratopathy. There is a need for further randomized controlled trials.


RESUMO Objetivo: Durante quase um século, a ceratoplastia penetrante tem sido a técnica cirúrgica de escolha no tratamento de doenças corneais. No entanto, nos últimos anos, têm sido desenvolvidas várias técnicas de transplante lamelar, especialmente modificadas ou aperfeiçoadas para substituir a porção posterior para a correção da ceratopatia bolhosa. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia e segurança da ceratoplastia endotelial quando comparada a ceratoplastia penetrante para a ceratopatia bolhosa afácica ou pseudofácica. Métodos: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura foi realizada, e as principais bases de dados eletrônicas foram pesquisadas. A data das bases de dados da última pesquisa foi 11 de dezembro de 2015. Dois autores selecionaram independentemente os estudos relevantes, avaliaram sua qualidade metodológica e extraíram os dados. Resultados: A busca eletrônica resultou em um total de 893 artigos publicados a partir das bases de dados eletrônicas. Quarenta e quatro artigos de texto completos foram recuperados para uma análise mais aprofundada. Destes 44 artigos de texto completos, 33 foram excluídos por serem estudos de séries de casos, portanto, dez estudos (com uma publicação adicional) preencheram os critérios de inclusão: um ensaio clínico randomizado, três estudos controlados e seis estudos de corte. A diversidade clínica e metodológica encontrada nos estudos incluídos tornou impossível combinar os resultados em uma metaanálise. Conclusões: Não há evidencias robustas de que a ceratoplastia endotelial é mais eficaz e segura do que o transplante penetrante de córnea para melhorar a acuidade visual e diminuir a rejeição da córnea na ceratopatia bolhosa afácica ou pseudofácica. Há necessidade de mais estudos controlados, randomizados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Endothelium, Corneal/transplantation , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Aphakia, Postcataract/surgery , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Cohort Studies , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Pseudophakia/surgery , Systematic Review , Lenses, Intraocular
5.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 74(3): 189-193, May-Jun/2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-764235

ABSTRACT

Pediatric cataract is the most common treatable cause of blindness in children. Prevalence, etiology and morphology vary with the socioeconomic development. The treatment goal is to reduce amblyopia, being difficult management especially in unilateral cases. The decision on aphakia or primary intraocular lens should be individualized as well as correction with contact lens or spectacles. The intraocular lens single-piece hydrophobic acrylic are the most implanted in children and the preferably is in the capsular bag. The Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff theoretic (SRK/T) stressing that is described as more predictable, following Holladay I and SRK II and the recommendation is to under correction +6.0 or +8.0 dioptrias expecting the growth of the eye. The posterior capsule opacity is the most frequent complication and varies with the material choice of the lens. Glaucoma is the most serious postoperative complication and depends on the timing of the surgery, primary lens implantation and time of post surgical follow-up. The adherence to occlusion therapy with patching is critical to the visual prognosis and is determined by the child’s age and laterality of the cataract. There was significant improvement in the surgery and in IOLs, however the final visual prognosis is still not desirable.


A catarata pediátrica é a causa mais comum de cegueira tratável em crianças. Prevalência, etiologia e morfologia variam conforme o desenvolvimento sócioeconômico. O tratamento tem como objetivo diminuir a ambliopia, sendo de difícil manejo principalmente em casos unilaterais. A decisão sobre afacia ou implante primário de lente intraocular deve ser individualizado, assim como a correção com lente de contato ou óculos. As lentes intraoculares acrílicas hidrofóbicas de peça única são as mais implantadas em crianças com preferência de implante no saco capsular. A fórmula biométrica Sanders-Retzlaff-Krafftheoretic (SRK/T) é a mais precisa em pacientes pediátricos, seguida de Holladay I e SRK II, com recomendação de sob correção de +6 a +8.0 dioptrias, devido ao esperado crescimento rápido do globo ocular. A opacidade de cápsula posterior é a complicação mais frequente e varia com o material da lente a ser implantada e o glaucoma é a complicação pós-operatória mais grave e depende da idade da criança na cirurgia, implante primário de LIOs e da duração do acompanhamento pós-cirúrgico. A adesão ao tratamento oclusivo é fundamental para o prognóstico visual, sendo determinado de acordo com a idade da criança e a lateralidade da catarata. Mesmo com a melhora do tratamento cirúrgico e das lentes intraoculares o prognóstico visual final ainda não é o desejável.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Aphakia, Postcataract/rehabilitation , Cataract Extraction , Contact Lenses , Cataract/congenital , Cataract/etiology , Lenses, Intraocular , Prognosis
7.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 30(2): 103-107, fev. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-544451

ABSTRACT

A uveíte peri e pós-operatória é o maior problema da cirurgia para extração de catarata no cão, sendo considerada o fator mais importante para o sucesso cirúrgico, imediato e tardio. Diversos protocolos pré e pós-operatórios utilizando agentes anti-inflamatórios esteroidais e não-esteroidais têm sido empregados na tentativa de controle da uveíte cirurgicamente induzida. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a reação inflamatória pós-operatória, clinicamente e por meio da pressão intraocular (PIO), após a cirurgia de facoemulsificação para extração de catarata em cães, com e sem implante de lente intraocular (LIO) em piggyback. Empregaram-se, 25 cães portadores de catarata, subdivididos em dois grupos: G1 (com implante de LIO), G2 (sem implante de LIO). A técnica cirúrgica adotada foi a facoemulsificação bimanual unilateral. Avaliações clínicas e mensurações da PIO foram aferidas antes do procedimento cirúrgico (0) e nos tempos 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 e 60 dias após o ato cirúrgico. Cães do grupo G1 apresentaram sinais clínicos de uveíte visivelmente mais intensos, relativamente aos do G2. Entretanto, a PIO não demonstrou diferença significativa entre os dois grupos analisados, nem entre os olhos operados e os contralaterais. A utilização de duas LIOs humanas em piggyback no cão é exequível, porém suscita mais inflamação e complicações no pós-operatório.


Perioperative and postoperative uveitis is the main problem in cataract surgery in dogs, affecting short-term and long-term postoperative success. Numerous therapeutic methods involving both steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents have been used to reduce surgically-induced uveitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the postoperative inflammatory reaction and intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification surgery for cataract extraction with and without intraocular piggyback lens (IOL) implantation in dogs. A total of 25 dogs were divided into two groups: Group 1 (with IOL implantation) and Group 2 (without IOL implantation). The performed surgical technique consisted of unilateral bimanual phaco-emulsification. Clinical assessment and intraocular pressure were measured before surgery (0) and at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 60 days after the surgery. Clinical assessment revealed inflammatory reaction more severe in dogs of G1 when compared to G2. Intraocular pressure did not differ significantly either between G1 and G2 or operated and non-operated eyes. Intraocular lens (IOL) implantation using piggyback technique with human IOL is a possible method to be performed in canine ophthalmology. However, nursing care is necessary as the the procedure induces inflammation and complications in the postoperative period.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Aphakia/surgery , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Aphakia, Postcataract/complications , Cataract Extraction/methods , Phacoemulsification/rehabilitation , Intraocular Pressure , Silicones/therapeutic use
8.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 68(5): 278-283, set.-out. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-536429

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: O tipo de ambliopia mais grave é o de privação, deste a causa mais comum é a catarata congênita. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a função visual binocular de crianças operadas de julho de 2006 a junho de 2008 por cataratas da infância (congênita ou infantil). MÉTODOS: Todas as crianças possuíam idade acima de 4 anos, operadas em idade tardia. Foram avaliadas 6 crianças e realizados testes de acuidade visual, motilidade ocular extrínseca, testes de Titmus e Luzes de Worth (perto e longe). RESULTADOS: A média da idade do diagnóstico da catarata foi de 5,58 anos e o da primeira cirurgia de 8,83 anos. Cinquenta e 67 por cento das crianças alcançaram acuidade visual pós-operatória maior que 0,4 em olhos direito e esquerdo, respectivamente. Apenas uma criança não apresentou estereopsia e fusão aos testes de função sensorial. Todas as demais apresentaram fusão às luzes de Worth. No teste de Titmus, 2(33,3 por cento) apresentaram estereopsia grosseira e 3(50 por cento) boa ou ótima. Houve diferença estatísticamente significante (p=0,043) entre as acuidades visuais pré e pós- operatórias entre os olhos. CONCLUSÃO: Assim, neste estudo as crianças portadoras de catarata congênita ou infantil precoce de desenvolvimento lento e de catarata infantil tardia, apresentaram bom prognóstico visual após cirurgia com implante de lente intraocular no mesmo tempo cirúrgico, mesmo em idade avançada.


OBJECTIVE: The privation ambliopia is the worst type of all. Among these, the most common cause is congenital cataract.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the visual function of children who had surgery between July 2006 and June 2008 for pediatric cataract. METHODS: All children were above 4 years old and had surgery at advanced age.We evaluated 6 children and submitted them to visual acuity, extrinsic ocular movement,Titmus and Worth lights tests. RESULTS: The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 5,58 years old and at the first surgery was 8,83 years old. Fifty and 67 percent of children achieved post operative visual acuity above 0,4 in right and left eyes, respectively. Just one (16,7 percent) child did not achieve stereopsy and fusion on the sensorial function tests.The others presented fusion on Worth light test. At Titmus test, 2(33,3 percent) showed gross stereopsy and 3(50 percent) good. There was statistically significant difference between pre and post visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Therefore, in this study, children with congenital or pediatric cataract whith late development showed a good visual prognosis after surgery using intraocular implans lens, even at advanced age.


Subject(s)
Aphakia, Postcataract , Cataract Extraction , Cataract/congenital , Depth Perception , Vision, Binocular , Visual Acuity
9.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 148-152, 2009.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-210153

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the visual outcomes and complications of unilateral scleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (SF-PCIOLs) in pediatric complicated traumatic cataracts without capsular support. METHODS: This study involved five eyes of five children who underwent unilateral SF-PCIOL. All patients had a unilateral complicated traumatic cataract associated with anterior or posterior segment injury. Visual acuity (VA), IOL position, and postoperative complications were assessed during follow-up. RESULTS: The mean age of patients at the time of SF-PCIOL was 90 months (range, 66-115). The mean duration of follow-up time after surgery was 22 months (range, 5-55). In all patients, the best-corrected VA was either improved or was stable at last follow-up following SF-PCIOL implantation. There were no serious complications. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral scleral fixation of PCIOL can be a safe and effective procedure for pediatric, unilateral, complicated traumatic cataracts without capsular support in selected cases.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Anterior Eye Segment/injuries , Aphakia, Postcataract/surgery , Cataract/etiology , Endophthalmitis/etiology , Eye Injuries/complications , Follow-Up Studies , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Postoperative Period , Retrospective Studies , Sclera/surgery , Suture Techniques , Visual Acuity
10.
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) ; (12): 741-745, 2008.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-814004

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of suture-fixation of foldable intraocular lens for non-posterior-capsular aphakia.@*METHODS@#Akreos intraocular lens (from Bausch-Lamb Company) were selected for operation in aphakia with non-posterior-capsule or less capsule supporting intraocular lens. Complications and visual acuity were observed.@*RESULTS@#There was no significant complication in the operation. Choroidal detachment occurred in 2 eyes postoperatively. Visual acuity of 0.3 accounted for 56.67%, 76.67%, 86.67%, and 90% respectively on the first day, at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after the operation.@*CONCLUSION@#Suture-fixation of Akreos intraocular lens is a good choice for non-posterior-capsular aphakia.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aphakia , General Surgery , Aphakia, Postcataract , General Surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Methods , Lenses, Intraocular , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Methods , Suture Techniques
11.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2004 Sep; 52(3): 185-98
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-72158

ABSTRACT

Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of visual loss despite successful congenital cataract surgery. The overall incidence does not appear to have decreased with modern microsurgical techniques. The onset of glaucoma may be acute or insidious and notoriously refractory to treatment. Angle closure glaucoma may occur in the early postoperative period; but the most common type of glaucoma to develop after congenital cataract surgery is open angle glaucoma. Several risk factors have been identified and both chemical and mechanical theories have been proposed for its pathogenesis. Unlike children with congenital glaucoma, those with paediatric glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery are usually asymptomatic despite high intraocular pressure. They may require regular evaluation under anaesthesia, whenever there are any suspicious findings. Unlike congenital glaucoma, the first line of treatment for glaucoma in aphakia/pseudophakia may be medical. Traditional trabeculectomy in paediatric glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery has met with limited success. The addition of antimetabolites to trabeculectomy is known to inhibit fibrosis and enhance the success, but carries the lifelong risk of bleb-related endophthalmitis. Drainage implant surgery is a viable option to achieve longterm intraocular pressure control in this refractory group of patients. Cycloablative procedures may provide temporising treatment and should be reserved for patients with low visual potential. Diagnosis of glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery requires lifelong surveillance and continuous assessment of the problem. Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiology, prevention and treatment of this sight-threatening complication following successful cataract surgery in children.


Subject(s)
Aphakia, Postcataract/complications , Cataract/congenital , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Humans , Incidence , India/epidemiology , Pseudophakia/complications
12.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 58-64, 2004.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-70146

ABSTRACT

We retrospectively evaluated the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of 20 pseudophakic retinal detachment (RD) patients (20 eyes) and 17 aphakic RD patients (17 eyes). Males were predominated in both groups. The time interval between cataract extraction and RD was 31 months on average in the pseudophakic group, 32 months with intact posterior capsule and 27 months with ruptured posterior capsule, and 148 months in the aphakic group. In 50% of cases with ruptured posterior capsule in the pseudophakic group, RD occurred within 1 year. The anatomic success rate was 95% in the pseudophakic group and 88% in the aphakic group. The most common cause of failure was the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Visual acuities more than 20/40 after RD surgery were found in 13 pseudophakic (65%) and 6 aphakic (36%) eyes. Aphakic patients were more inclined to have silent RD than pseudophakic patients because of their poor visual acuity. Post-operative follow-up is required especially for the first 1 year in cases of damaged posterior capsule due to the high incidence of RD during this period.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aphakia, Postcataract/etiology , Comparative Study , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/injuries , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Pseudophakia/etiology , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Rupture , Visual Acuity
13.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2002 Sep; 50(3): 220-1
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-71387

ABSTRACT

We report the case of a 35-year-old aphakic patient who developed an intractable secondary glaucoma due to angle closure after pupillary block following the use of perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas at a nonexpansile concentration of 14%.


Subject(s)
Adult , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Aphakia, Postcataract/complications , Fluorocarbons/adverse effects , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/etiology , Humans , Male , Prone Position , Pupil Disorders/chemically induced , Retinal Detachment/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
15.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 1999 Dec; 47(4): 265-6
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-70075
16.
Säo Paulo; s.n; 1999. 92 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-272447

ABSTRACT

Dos 1050 pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de catarata congênita da UNIFESP-EPM, no período de dezembro de 1989 a dezembro de 1998, foram estudados 76 pacientes portadores de microftalmia associada à catarata congênita. A freqüência de microftalmia associada à catarata congênita neste estudo foi de 7,23 por cento A freqüência etiológica das microftalmias associadas à catarata congênita foi assim distribuída: doenças infecciosas 42 (55,3 por cento) casos, seguidos de idiopáticas 20 (26,3 por cento), colobomas 6 (7,9 por cento), hereditárias 5 (6,6 por cento), persistência do vítreo primário hiperplásico 2 (2,6 por cento) e associada a síndrome de Lenz 1 (l,3 por cento) caso. Dos 76 pacientes, 38 (60 olhos microftálmicos) tiveram possibilidade de cirurgia da catarata congênita e compuseram o Grupo I. O resultado da acuidade visual foi analisado, segundo a lateralidade e a idade em que foi realizada a cirurgia nas diversas etiologias. A rubéola apresentou tendência para melhores resultados da acuidade visual nas microftalmias bilaterais As acuidades visuais dos olhos microftálmicos foram comparadas com os resultados dos olhos não microftálmicos (Grupo II ), operados no mesmo serviço, segundo as diversas etiologias. Nos casos de cataratas congênitas bilaterais, os olhos microftálmicos operados até os quatro meses de idade mostraram tendência a ter resultado visual pior, quando comparados com o Grupo II (não microftálmico), e o resultado da acuidade visual não diferiu entre os Grupos I e II quando a cirurgia ocorria após os quatro meses de idade. Se considerarmos acuidades visuais iguais e acima de 20/200 (cegueira legal) como bem sucedidos, nesta pesquisa os olhos microftálmicos afácicos que atingiram esses índices foram: na rubéola (82,7 por cento), nas hereditárias (75,0 por cento), nas idiopáticas (58,3 por cento) e na toxoplasmose (44,4 por cento). Nas cataratas unilaterais, devido ao pequeno número de pacientes, não foi possível detectar diferenças significantes no resultado visual, quando comparamos os Grupos I e II e as idades em cada grupo


Subject(s)
Aphakia, Postcataract , Cataract/congenital , Eye Diseases, Hereditary , Microphthalmos
17.
Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty [Girls] [The]. 1999; 20 (Supp. 2): 1095-1103
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-52704

ABSTRACT

In retrospective study, eighty diabetic patients underwent extracapsular cataract extraction [ECCE] and intraocular lens [IOL] implantation. Fifty of them with retinopathy and the other thirty without retinopathy. The age of the patient at the time of surgery ranged from 40-60 years [mean 49]. Forty four patients had insulin dependent and thirty six patients had non insulin depedent. Follow-up examination were performed one day, three days, one week, four weeks and then every two months. The postoperative data included best visual acuity, any change in the state of retinopathy, cystoid macular oedema, opacification of the posterior capsule and additional surgical procedure including yag laser capsulotomy


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Complications , Risk Factors , Diabetes Mellitus , Postoperative Period , Aphakia, Postcataract , Lenses, Intraocular , Diabetic Retinopathy
18.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 54(3): 49-53, mar. 1995. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-309815

ABSTRACT

Este estudo analisa prospectivamente 16 olhos de 16 pacientes com "Adesäo Vítreo-corneana" e edema macular cistóide (EMC). Estes indivíduos foram tratados por vitreólise com ND: YAG Laser, obtendo melhora da acuidade visual em 75 por cento dos casos. Os autores enfatizam também a importância deste tratamento como profilaxia do EMC para estes pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Laser Therapy , Macular Edema , Aphakia, Postcataract/diagnosis , Aphakia, Postcataract/rehabilitation , Fluorescein Angiography , Lens Implantation, Intraocular
19.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 1993 Dec; 41(4): 181-4
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-70951

ABSTRACT

To study the risk factors in the development of glaucoma following penetrating keratoplasty, we retrospectively analysed 190 eyes of 185 consecutive patients who had undergone surgery during 1990. The donor button was larger by 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm in phakia and aphakia/pseudophakia patients, respectively. Over a mean follow-up period of 14.5 months, 52 of the 190 eyes (27.4%) either developed glaucoma de novo or had worsening of preexisting glaucoma. Of these 52 eyes, 38 were managed medically and 14 required surgery. From our study, aphakia (37%), pseudophakia (24%), preexisting glaucoma (81.8%), and regrafting (43.18%) were found to be the significant risk factors in the development of glaucoma following penetrating keratoplasty.


Subject(s)
Aphakia, Postcataract/complications , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Glaucoma/etiology , Humans , Incidence , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/adverse effects , Lenses, Intraocular , Male , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Visual Acuity
20.
Tunisie Medicale [La]. 1993; 71 (11): 509-512
in French | IMEMR | ID: emr-31168

ABSTRACT

We report 95 cases of retinal d‚tachement in patients aged from 17 to 82 years, aphakic [49 cases] and pseudophakic [46 cases]. Risk factors are vitreous issue, inflammation, Yag capsulotomy, retinal predisposal lesions and secondary implantation. Surgery is not different from other retinal detachement. Anatomic result are successful in 66% of aphakic and in 70% of pseudophakic patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Aphakia, Postcataract , Risk Factors
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